A debit card program designed to help Baltimore families impacted by Covid buy groceries and other necessities appears to be working as planned.
In its first 45 days of operation, the Covid-19 Emergency Assistance Program has mailed out 5,027 prepaid cards, each worth $400, to residents who have so far spent $514,000, city records show.
The program, which is underwritten by Baltimore Children and Youth Fund (BCYF) proceeds, anticipates supplying 15,000 people with cards on a first-come, first-serve basis.
The focus is on residents not covered by traditional government assistance programs, with preference given to those who live in zip codes with high rates of Covid-19 and food insecurity.
Target populations include immigrant households, those recently released from prison, the LGBTQ+ community, homeless youth, and unemployed young adults.
About 134,000 people live in low-income households in Baltimore, according to the American Community Survey. So while the program will benefit only a fraction of this pool, “it’s reaching the hard-to-reach resident it was designed to reach,” says Molly Rath, spokesperson for the Mayor’s Office of Children & Family Success.
She cites statistics showing that the average income of card recipients is $8,543.
Two thirds of the cardholders report being unemployed, 58% do not receive unemployment benefits or federal relief, and 20% say Spanish is their primary language.
Low Youth Participation
But the one group not reached in significant numbers is the group that BCYF funds were originally earmarked for – teenagers and young adults.
So far, only 24% of applicants are under the age of 30, Rath said, even though city residents as young as 16 are eligible to receive cards (and even younger if they are not in the physical custody of a parent or guardian).
Last April, the City Council and then-Mayor Bernard C. “Jack” Young agreed to divert $9 million in property tax revenues accumulated in the BYCF for Covid-related uses.
City Schools got $3 million to help buy Chromebooks for students that had to start taking virtual classes from home, while the remaining $6 million went for an emergency “food access strategy” under preparation by the Office of Children & Family Success.
The debit card program grew out of efforts aimed at increasing food access.
The original agreement, approved last September by the Board of Estimates and the Open Society Institute (OSI) Baltimore, stated the following:
“The City desires to allocate Six Million Dollars of Children and Youth Fund funding to provide one-time disaster relief funding for immediate and emergency food and basic necessity needs for low-income and under-resources Baltimore residents. . . OSI desires to support the City’s efforts, making subgrants to certain community-based organizations.”
OSI chipped in $330,000 to pay for consultants and the program’s administrative costs, while the Annie E. Casey Foundation agreed to kick in $40,000 to support the community-based organizations.
Cash assistance for needy adults was not one of the uses set forth in the Charter amendment approved by Baltimore voters in 2016. (Baltimore City Charter, Article 1, Section 13)
Six-Month Delay
After multiple “technical” delays that stretched across six months, the debit card program got underway on March 1.
The process works like this:
• Nine community groups – Banner Neighborhoods, Casa of Maryland, Center for Urban Families, City of Refuge Baltimore, Elev8 Baltimore, Esperanza Center, Historic East Baltimore Community Action Coalition, Job Opportunities Task Force and Safe Streets Cherry Hill and Park Heights – work with OSI to recruit potential applicants.
• Given a set number of “codes” to distribute, the groups certify that an applicant is experiencing financial hardships due to the pandemic and has limited income (up to $23,606 for a single-member household; $48,470 or less for a family of four).
• Eligible applicants receive a code and go online to complete their application. Another nonprofit, Baltimore’s Promise, reviews the applications and conducts “fraud checks.” (So far, 49 applications have been rejected as duplicates; none for fraud.)
• Upon Baltimore’s Promise’s approval, Texas-based processor, Usio, mails the cards to the applicant’s home address or to the address of the sponsoring community group. (According to the grant agreement, the sponsoring group “will develop and document internal control policies and procedures to ensure that the cards are relinquished to the intended recipients.”)
Allowed and Disallowed Uses
More than 80% of card spending has been used for groceries, household supplies, take-out food, baby care products and over-the-counter medicine, according to data from Usio.
Among those places where the card is being swiped: Family Dollar stores, Save A Lot, Wal-Mart, Royal Farms, HipHop Fish & Chicken and ethnic stores such as the Corona Grocery and The Markets @ Highlandtown.
The program was designed to prevent purchases of alcohol, cable TV services, computer equipment, clothing and other non-essentials by disallowing certain merchant category codes.
However, during its first two weeks of operation, Usio mistakenly activated all 317 merchant category codes instead of the 35 that the city had requested.
The disallowed codes were turned off “within two hours of the error being uncovered by the city,” Rath said.
A spreadsheet provided to The Brew shows $44,989 was recorded in unapproved categories – or 9% of the total spent by cardholders in the first 45 days.
The lion’s share of disallowed spending was used at wholesale clubs ($6,119), followed by clothing and shoe stores ($4,948), cable TV services ($3,350) and pre-paid phone services ($2,420).
Only $1,311 was swiped at package liquor stores, and $663 at barber and beauty shops.
The program expects to deplete its $6 million allocation by the end of June. Individual cards can be used until their $400 allotment is exhausted. Funds that are unspent at the end of the grant period, February 28, 2022, will revert to the city.
More information on the program can be found here.
